Every year many accidents occur. With some care, they can be prevented. In case an accident does happen you
can be of help if you know Basic First Aid. Read each of the following carefully. you will be able to give vital first
aid if needed. Remember always to seek help from an adult IMMEDIATELY.
Do not move the casualty unnecessarily. Keep him warm. Make a diagnosis, decide the treatment and treat,
Remember the ABC of First Aid: See if his airways are clear, that he is breathing, and his blood circulation is patient,
1. RESPIRATION
If it is failing, give artificial respiration - MOUTH to MOUTH or MOUTH to NOSE.
2.BLEEDING
Arrest the bleeding and protect the wound. Apply direct or indirect pressure. Cover with a dressing, apply
a pad and firm bandage. Elevate the wounded part above the level of heart to STOP BLEEDING.
3. FRACTURES
IMMOBILISE the fractured part with a well padded stiff support reaching the joints on either side. Apply
bandages on either side of the site and at the joints on either side with support.
4. BURNS AND SCALDS
A burn is caused by dry heat and a scald by moist heat like steam, very hot water or oil. IMMEDIATELY
cool the area with cold water - for 15 mins. till pain subsides. DO NOT break blisters, or apply anything on
the burns. Cover with a sterile or clean cloth, pad and bandage. Give fluids.
5. NOSE BLEEDING
Sit him up facing the breeze with the head slightly forward. Ask him to breath through the mouth and NOT
to blow his nose. Apply a cold compress over the nose. The soft part of the nose may be pinched close
with the fingers for 10 mins. Cold application on the back of the neck and forehead may help.
6. BEE STING
Do not press the bag (of the sting). Use forceps and remove the sting. Apply cold or weak ammonia.
7 ANIMAL BITES
Wash with soap and plenty of water.Loose bandage may be applied. Get quick medical aid.
8. SNAKE BITES
Keep patient calm. Wash with plenty of water and soap. DO NOT RUB hard. First apply a constrictiv
bandage on the heart side of the bite. (Not to be applied continuously for more than 20 mins.) Do not inci:
or tm to suck the wound. Get aid quickly. Try to identify the snake.
9. FAINTING
Lay him down and loosen the clothing around chest and waist. Turn head to one side. The legs may be
raised a little. DO NOT attempt to give any solids or liquids. On recovery, a small quantity of a drink may
be given and he may be allowed to sit up and move after rest.
10.General
If you are in doubt of the treatment DO NOT DO anything.you may do more harm.
Arrest the bleeding and protect the wound. Apply direct or indirect pressure. Cover with a dressing, apply a pad and firm bandage. Elevate the wounded part above the level of heart to STOP BLEEDING. 3. FRACTURES
IMMOBILISE the fractured part with a well padded stiff support reaching the joints on either side. Apply bandages on either side of the site and at the joints on either side with support. 4. BURNS AND SCALDS
A burn is caused by dry heat and a scald by moist heat like steam, very hot water or oil. IMMEDIATELY cool the area with cold water - for 15 mins. till pain subsides. DO NOT break blisters, or apply anything on the burns. Cover with a sterile or clean cloth, pad and bandage. Give fluids. 5. NOSE BLEEDING
Sit him up facing the breeze with the head slightly forward. Ask him to breath through the mouth and NOT to blow his nose. Apply a cold compress over the nose. The soft part of the nose may be pinched close with the fingers for 10 mins. Cold application on the back of the neck and forehead may help. 6. BEE STING
Do not press the bag (of the sting). Use forceps and remove the sting. Apply cold or weak ammonia. 7 ANIMAL BITES Wash with soap and plenty of water.Loose bandage may be applied. Get quick medical aid.
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